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Lanagan, D. (2002). Surfing in the Third Millennium: commodifying the visual argot. The Australian Journal of Anthropology, 13(3), 283-291.


Langseth,T. (2011). Liquid ice surfers—the construction of surfer identities in Norway. Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning. doi:10.1080/14729679.2011.599987


Larson, L., Usher, L., & Chapmon, T. (2017): Surfers as Environmental Stewards: Understanding Place-protecting Behavior at Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Leisure Sciences. doi: 10.1080/01490400.2017.1305306


LaVanchy, G. & Taylor, M.(2015). Tourism as tragedy? Common problems with water in post-revolutionary Nicaragua. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 31(4), 765-779. doi: 10.1080/07900627.2014.985819


Lazarow, N. (2007). The value of coastal recreational resources: a case study approach to examine the value of recreational surfing to specific locales. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue 50, 12-20.


Lazarow, N. (2009). Using observed market expenditure to estimate the value of recreational surfing to the Gold Coast, Australia. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue 56, 1130-1134.


Lazarow, N., Miller, M. & Blackwell, B. (2008). The value of recreational surfing to society. Tourism in Marine Environments, 5(2–3), 145–158. doi:10.3727/154427308787716749


Lazarow, N.; Miller, M. L. and Blackwell, Boyd (2007). Dropping in: A case study approach to understanding the socioeconomic impact of recreational surfing and its value to the coastal economy. Shore & Beach, 75 (4), 21-31.


Lemarié, J. (2016). Debating on Cultural Performances of Hawaiian Surfing in the nineteenth Century. Journal de la Société des Océanistes, 142-143, 23-36.


Lemarié, J. & Domann, V. (2019). Branding Huntington Beach,Surf City USA®: Visitors, residents, and businesses, Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure, 42(3), 401-419.DOI:10.1080/07053436.2019.1681805


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Light, R. & Nash, M. (2006).Learning and Identity in Overlapping Communities of Practice: Surf Club, School and Sports Clubs. The Australian Educational Researcher, 33 (1), 75-94.


Logue, D., Argent, N. & Warren, A. (2014). Wipeout? The Gold Coast and Tweed surfboard manufacturing cluster and local economic development. Local Economy, 30(1), 119–138. doi:10.1177/0269094214562730


Lopes, J. & Bicudo, P. (2017). Surfing Tourism Plan: Madeira Island Case Study. European Journal of Tourism Research, 16, 45-56.


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Macbeth, J. (2012). Surfing life: surface, substructure and the commodification of the sublime. Annals of Leisure Research, 15(2), 193-195. doi: 10.1080/11745398.2012.693464


Machado, V., Carrasco, P, Contreiras, P., Duarte, A. & Gouveia, D. (2017). Governing Locally for Sustainability: Public and Private Organizations’ Perspective in Surf Tourism at Aljezur, Costa Vicentina, Portugal. Tourism Planning & Development. DOI: 10.1080/21568316.2017.1415958


Mach, L. & Ponting, J. (2018). Governmentality and surf tourism destination governance. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(11), 1845-1862, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2018.1513008


Mach, L., Ponting, J., Brown, J. & Savage, J. (2020). Riding waves of intra-seasonal demand in surf tourism: analysing the nexus of seasonality and 21st-century surf forecasting technology. Annals of Leisure Research, 23 (2), 184-202, DOI: 10.1080/11745398.2018.1491801


Maclean, M. (2014). Surfing Life: Surface, Substructure and the Commodification of the Sublime. Sport in History, 34(1), 169-172. doi: 10.1080/17460263.2013.874637


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Marchant, B. & Mottiar, Z (2011). Understanding lifestyle tourism entrepreneurs and digging beneath the issue of profits: profiling surf tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs in Ireland. Tourism Planning and Development, 8(2), 171-183.


Marchi, K., Souza, J., Júnior, W. & Cavichiolli, R. (2017). Do surf ao tow-in – por uma análise da emergência do campo dos “esportes de prancha”. Journal of Physical Education, 28 (1). doi: 10.4025/jphyseduc.v28i1.2858


Mariani, G. (2011). Les modes d’appropriations de l’espace « vague » sur le littoral français. Géographie et Cultures, 80, 249-266. doi : 10.4000/gc.556


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Martin, A. (2009). Surfing, Lies and Videotape: Two Perspectives on the Role of the Media in Sport. Sport in History, 29(2), 243-258.


Martin, S. & Assenov, I. (2012). The genesis of a new body of sport tourism literature-a systematic review of surf tourism research (1997–2011). Journal of Sport & Tourism, 17(4), 257-287. doi: 10.1080/14775085.2013.766528


Martin, S. &Assenov, I. (2011). Beach and Coastal Survey of Thailand: What Future for Surf Tourism. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality & Culinary Arts, 3(1), 77-87.


Martin, S. & Assenov, I. (2015). Measuring the Conservation Aptitude of Surf Beaches in Phuket, Thailand: An Application of the Surf Resource Sustainability Index. International Journal of Tourism Research, 17(2), 105-117. doi: 10.1002/jtr.1961


Martin, S. & Assenov, I. (2014). Developing a Surf Resource Sustainability Index as a Global Model for Surf Beach Conservation and Tourism Research. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(7), 760-792. doi:10.1080/10941665.2013.806942


Martin, S. & Assenov, I. (2014). Investigating the Importance of Surf Resource Sustainability Indicators: Stakeholder Perspectives for Surf Tourism Planning and Development. Tourism Planning & Development, 11(2), 127-148.


Martin, S. & Ritchie, R. (2018). A Social Science Index and Conceptual Framework for Assigning Weights in Surf Tourism Planning and Development. Tourism Planning & Development. DOI: 10.1080/21568316.2018.1470999.


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McKay,C., Brander,R. & Goff, J.(2014). Putting tourists in harms way -Coastal tourist parks and hazardous unpatrolled surf beaches in New South Wales, Australia. Tourism Management, 45, 71-84. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2014.03.007


Mead, S; Phillips, D. & Prime, A. (2013). Development of a Multi-Purpose Breakwater/Reef at Maqai Eco Surf Resort, Qamea Island, Fiji.


Mills, B. & Cummins, A. (2015). An Estimation of the Economic Impact of Surfing in the United Kingdom. Tourism in Marine Environments, 11(1), 2015, 1-17


Miranda, T., Gomes, D., Ramos, C., Braid, L. & Lima, D. (2011) . Busca pelo surfe: o perfil do novo praticante, Coleção Pesquisa em Educação Física, 10 (2), 57-62


Mixon Jr, F. (2018). Camaradie, common pool congestion, and the optimal size of surf gangs. Economics of Governance, Published online: 06 July 2018. DOI: 10.1007/s10101-018-0211-6


Mixon Jr, F., Caudill, S. (2017). Guarding giants: resource commons quality and informal property rights in big-wave surfing. Empirical Economics, 54 (4), 1697–1715. DOI: 10.1007/s00181-017-1273-y


Mixon Jr, F. (2014). Bad vibrations: new evidence on commons quality and localism at California’s surf breaks. International Review of Economics, 61 (4), 379–397. DOI: 10.1007/s12232-014-0205-9


Morgan, D. (2006). Analyzing the Risk of Drowning at Surf Beaches. Tourism Review International, 10 (1,2), 125-130.


Morgan, J. & Coutts, R. (2016). Measuring Peak Experience in Recreational Surfing. Journal of Sport Behavior, 39 (2), 202-217.


Morgan, P. (2009). ‘Get Up. Stand Up.’ Riding to resilience on a surfboard. Child and Family Social Work, 15, 56–65. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2009.00637.x


Moser,P. (2016). The Endurance of Surfing in 19th-Century Hawai‘i. Journal of the Polynesian Society, 125 (4), 411-432. doi: 10.15286/jps.125.4.411-432


Moutinho, L., Dionísio, P., & Leal, C. (2007). Surf tribal behaviour: a sports marketing application. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 25(7), 668-690. doi:10.1108/02634500710834160

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Nardini, D. (2018). Il surfista, eroe romantico nell’Australia contemporanea. Un’analisi etnografica a partire dal caso della Gold Coast. Imago – A Journal of the Social Imaginary, 62-83. DOI: 10.7413/22818138###


Nazer, D. (2004). The tragicomedy of the surfers’commons. Deakin Law Review, 9 (2), 655-713.


Nazli M. & Musal R.M. (2018). Surf Tourism Development: Perspectives in Alacati Surf Spot. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 6(2), 390-409, DOI:10.15295/bmij.v6i2.254


Needham, M. and Szuster, B. (2011). Situational influences on normative evaluations of coastal tourism and recreation management strategies in Hawai’i. Tourism Management, 32(4), 732-740. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2010.06.005


Nelsen, C. ; Pendleton, L. and Vaughn, R. (2007). A socioeconomic study of surfers at Trestles Beach. Shore & Beach, 75(4), 32-37.


Nelsen, C., Cummins, A. & Tagholm H. (2013). Paradise Lost: Threatened Waves and the Need for Global Surf Protection. Proceedings 12th International Coastal Symposium (Plymouth, England), Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, 65, 904-908.


Nendel, J. (2009). Surfing in Early Twentieth-Century Hawai‘i: The Appropriation of a Transcendent Experience to Competitive American Sport. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 26(16), 2432-2446. doi:10.1080/09523360903457049


Neto, G; Abreu, E.; Nascimento, J.; Oliveira, B. & Machado, A. (2017). Surfe é estilo de vida: Motivação para a prática em mulheres jovens. Licere, 1(20), 115-139.


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O’Brien, D. (2007). Points of Leverage: Maximizing Host Community Benefit from a Regional Surfing Festival. European Sport Management Quarterly, 7(2), 141-165. doi: 10.1080/16184740701353315


O’Brien, D & Ponting, J. (2013). Sustainable Surf Tourism: A Community Centered Approach in Papua New Guinea. Journal of Sport Management, 27, 158-172.


Ocke, M. (2016). Recomendações de gestão dos recifes artificiais para a prática do surfe. PODIUM Sport, Leisure and Tourism Review, 5 (1), 18-27. doi: 10.5585/podium.v5i1.151


Olive, R. (2016). Going surfing/doing research: learning how to negotiate cultural politics from women who surf. Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies, 30 (2), 171-182. doi:10.1080/10304312.2016.1143199


Olive, R. (2015): Empire in Waves: A Political History of Surfing, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 32 (11-12), 1494-1496. doi:10.1080/09523367.2015.1045691


Olive,R., McCuaig, L. & Phillips, M. (2015). Women’s recreational surfing: a patronising experience. Sport, Education and Society, 20(2), 258-276. doi:10.1080/13573322.2012.754752
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Orams, M. &Towner, N. (2012). Riding the Wave: History, Definitions, and a Proposed Typology of Surf-riding Tourism. Tourism in Marine Environments, 8(4), 2012, 173-188. doi:10.3727/154427313X13631129554901


Orchard, S. (2017). Lessons for the design of surf resource protection – The Australasian experience. Ocean & Coastal Management, 148, 104-112. DOI:10.1016/j.occecoaman.2017.07.019


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Ormrod, J. (2005). Endless Summer (1964): Consuming Waves and Surfing the Frontier. Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies, 35.1 (Fall 2005), 39-51.


Ormrod, J. (2007). Surf Rhetoric in American and British Surfing Magazines Between 1965 and 1976, Sport in History, 27(1), 88-109. doi:10.1080/17460260701231075


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Osmond, G. (2011). Myth-making in Australian Sport History: Re-evaluating Duke Kahanamoku’s Contribution to Surfing, Australian Historical Studies, 42:2, 260-276. doi: 10.1080/1031461X.2010.529922


Osmond, G. (2011). The Surfing Tommy Tanna. The Journal of Pacific History, 46(2), 177-195. doi: 10.1080/00223344.2011.607263


Osmond, G. (2011) Myth-making in Australian Sport History: Re-evaluating Duke Kahanamoku’s Contribution to Surfing. Australian Historical Studies, 42(2), 260-276. doi:10.1080/1031461X.2010.529922

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Palmås, K. (2014). From criminality to creativity: how studies of surfer subcultures reinvented invention, Sport in Society, 17:10, 1290-1305, DOI:10.1080/17430437.2014.849650


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Peryman, P. & Orchard, S. (2013). Understanding the values associated with New Zealand surf breaks and implications for management. Lincoln Planning Review, 4(2), 8-18.


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Ponting, J. (2009). Projecting Paradise: The Surf Media and the Hermeneutic Circle in Surfing Tourism. Tourism Analysis, 14(2), 175-185. doi:10.3727/108354209789116510


Ponting, J. (2014). Comparing modes of surf tourism delivery in the Maldives. Annals of Tourism Research 46, 163–184. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2014.01.001


Ponting, J. & McDonald, M. (2013). Performance, agency and change in surfing tourist space. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 415–434. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2013.06.006


Ponting, J. & O’Brien, D. (2014). Liberalizing Nirvana: an analysis of the consequences of common pool resource deregulation for the sustainability of Fiji’s surf tourism industry. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 22(3), 384-402,


Ponting, J. & O’Brien, D. (2015). Regulating ‘‘Nirvana’’: Sustainable surf tourism in a climate of increasing regulation. Sport Management Review, 18, 99–110. doi:10.1080/09669582.2013.819879


Ponting, J., McDonald, M. & Wearing, S. (2005). Deconstructing Wonderland: Surfing Tourism in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia. Society and Leisure, 28 (1), 141-162. doi: 10.1080/07053436.2005.10707674


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